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1st Academy Awards
The 1st Academy Awards ceremony, presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), honored the best films of 1927 and 1928 and took place on May 16, 1929, at a private dinner held at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel in Los Angeles, California. AMPAS president Douglas Fairbanks hosted the show. Tickets cost five dollars, 270 people attended the event and the presentation ceremony lasted fifteen minutes. Awards were created by Louis B. Mayer, founder of Louis B. Mayer Pictures Corporation (at present merged into Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer). It is the only Academy Awards ceremony not to be broadcast either on radio or television.
During the ceremony, the AMPAS presented Academy Awards (now commonly referred to as Oscars) in twelve categories. Winners were announced three months before the live event. Some nominations were announced without reference to a specific film, such as for Ralph Hammeras and Nugent Slaughter, who received nominations in the now defunct category of Engineering Effects.〔 Unlike later ceremonies, an actor or director could be awarded for multiple works within a year. Emil Jannings, for example, was given the Best Actor award for his work in both ''The Way of All Flesh'' and ''The Last Command''. Moreover, Charlie Chaplin and Warner Brothers each received an Honorary Award.〔〔
Major winners at the ceremony included ''Seventh Heaven'' and ''Sunrise: A Song of Two Humans'', which each received three awards, and ''Wings'', receiving two awards. Among its honors, ''Sunrise'' won the award for ''Unique and Artistic Production'' and ''Wings'' won the award for ''Outstanding Picture'' (now known as ''Best Picture''), these two categories at the time were seen as equally the top award of the night intended to honor different and equally important aspects of superior film making. The next year, the Academy dropped the ''Unique and Artistic Production'' award, and decided retroactively that the award won by Wings was the highest honor that could be awarded.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ) Reader must select "1927/28" in the "Award Year(s):" drop-down menu and press "Search".〕
== Background ==
In 1927, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) was established by Louis B. Mayer, originator of Louis B. Mayer Pictures Corporation, which then would be joined into Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM). Mayer's purpose in creating the award was to unite the five branches of the film industry, including actors, directors, producers, technicians, and writers. Mayer commented on the creation of the awards "I found that the best way to handle () was to hang medals all over them ... If I got them cups and awards they'd kill them to produce what I wanted. That's why the Academy Award was created". Mayer asked Cedric Gibbons, art director of MGM, to design an Academy Award trophy.〔 Nominees were notified through a telegram in February 1928.〔 In August 1928, Mayer contacted the Academy Central Board of Judges to decide winners.〔 However, according to the American director King Vidor, the voting for the Academy Award for Best Picture was in the hands of the AMPAS founders Douglas Fairbanks, Sid Grauman, Mayer, Mary Pickford and Joseph Schenck.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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